A new indirect ELISA for the discrimination of anti-equine herpes virus-1 and -4 antibodies in horse sera - Normandie Université
Poster De Conférence Année : 2024

A new indirect ELISA for the discrimination of anti-equine herpes virus-1 and -4 antibodies in horse sera

Résumé

Background: Equine herpes virus-1 and -4 (EHV-1 and EHV-4) infections are widespread in horse populations around the world. Both viruses are responsible for respiratory syndromes, but EHV-1 can cause more severe signs, neurological disorders and abortions. Performances of sport horses are affected as well as equine breeding, resulting in considerable economic loss. Objectives: EHV-1 and EHV-4 are closely related, making serological diagnosis difficult by conventional methods. Therefore, the ID Screen® EHV-1/EHV-4 Discrimination test Indirect ELISA kit1 was developed as a bi-well ELISA based on specific recombinant proteins, in order to distinguish between EHV-1 and EHV-4 antibodies in equine sera. Study design: Assay evaluation. Methods: Diagnostic specificity and sensitivity were evaluated on VNT-pretested sera from France and Iceland. Seroconversion of 7 experimentally EHV-1 infected horses was monitored.[1] Horses were sampled between day 0 and 20 dpi. For EHV-4, eight horses were monitored during a natural EHV-4 epizootic (France). Sera and nasal swabs were collected regularly from the first day of clinical signs (day 0) until day 77. All sera were tested by VNT and ID Screen® ELISA.1 Results: Specificity was evaluated for EHV-1 at 99% (95% CI [96.6%–99.7%], n = 208). For EHV-4 it was difficult to find seronegative horses, but the few VNT negative sera tested, showed negative results by ELISA (n = 5). EHV-1-antibodies were detected between 13 and 17 dpi. EHV-4 antibodies were detected between 6 and 10 days following first clinical signs. No cross-reactivity was observed between EHV-1 and EHV-4 antibodies during seroconversion studies. Main limitations: Low number of EHV-4 seronegative samples. Conclusion: The new ELISA is easy-to-use with both EHV-1 and EHV-4 testing performed within the same analytical run, thanks to its biwell plate format. It presents excellent discriminatory capacity between EHV-1 and EHV-4 infected horses. Key manufacturer: 1 https://www.innovative-diagnostics.com/produit/id-screen-ehv-1-ehv-4-discrimination-test-indirect/. Ethical animal research: Approved by the Loire Valley Ethical Review Board (CEEA VdL, committee number 19, authorisation number APAFiS#22708). Informed consent: Owners gave consent for their animals' inclusion. Competing interests: OM, SR, AC, KK and PP are employees of IDvet. Funding: IDvet. Reference: [1] Thieulent CJ, Sutton G, Toquet M-P, Fremaux S, Hue E, Fortier C,Pléau A, Deslis A, Abrioux S, Guitton E, Pronost S, Paillot R. Oral administration of valganciclovir reduces clinical signs, virus shedding and cell-associated viremia in ponies experimentally infected with the Equid Herpesvirus-1 C2254 Variant. Pathogens 2022;11(5):539. 10. 3390/pathogens11050539.
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hal-04724174 , version 1 (07-10-2024)

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Océane Mercier, Stéphanie Roche, Alix Carpentier, Kristine Klewer, Stéphane Pronost, et al.. A new indirect ELISA for the discrimination of anti-equine herpes virus-1 and -4 antibodies in horse sera. 12th International Equine Infectious Diseases Conference, Sep 2024, Deauville, France. Equine Vetenary Journal, 56 (Suppl. 60), pp.91 (n°147), ⟨10.1111/evj.14215⟩. ⟨hal-04724174⟩
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