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                <term xml:lang="en">Log-normal</term>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Angular and spectral light scattering</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Soot sizing</term>
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              <p>Accurate characterization of soot particles, by-products of combustion processes, is required for effective understanding and control of emissions from combustion systems. In this study, a novel methodology for in-situ determination of soot aggregate size distributions in a laminar ethylene diffusion flame is presented, utilizing advanced multi-angle and multispectral light scattering techniques. Radial descriptions of the flame structure are obtained through Abel inversion with signal trapping correction. Measurements are interpreted using both log-normal and self-preserving size distribution models. It is revealed through analysis that higher degrees of polydispersity are captured by the self-preserving model compared to the log-normal distribution. Although distinguishing between these distributions is challenged by the inherent bias towards larger particles in light scattering and unavoidable measurement noise, a correlation between aggregate size and polydispersity is successfully established using a non-intrusive, in-situ method. This correlation can be used as a validation tool for aggregation kernels employed in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes. Additionally, it is demonstrated that the forward scattering coefficient can be robustly determined and exploited to provide information on aggregate volume and soot composition.</p>
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