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                <term xml:lang="fr">peste noire</term>
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              <p>To what extent could human bones identified in excavations since the 1960s in two major urban centers of medieval Nigeria bear witness - or not - to the passage of the plague pandemic in the second half of the 14th century? Our analysis is based on the bones of individuals found in a mass grave in Benin City in 1962-1963, the very partial remains of a child unearthed at the Oduduwa College II site in Ile-Ife in 2019, and on descriptions of human remains discovered during various archaeological projects in this central city of the Yoruba world. The stratigraphic position of the skeletons, the positioning of the bodies and the markings observed on certain bones are all elements that we take into account to feed our reflection on the plague and, more broadly, on mortuary practices in tropical Africa before the opening of Atlantic trade, and their consequences on archaeological deposits.</p>
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              <p>Dans quelle mesure les os humains identifiés en fouilles depuis les années 1960 dans deux centres urbains majeurs du Nigéria médiéval pourraient-ils témoigner – ou pas – du passage, dans la seconde moitié du XIVe siècle, de la pandémie de peste ? Notre réflexion s’appuie sur l’analyse des ossements d’individus retrouvés dans une fosse commune à Benin City en 1962-1963, des restes très partiels d’un enfant mis au jour sur le site d’Oduduwa College II, à Ile-Ife en 2019, et sur des descriptions de restes humains découverts lors de différents projets archéologiques dans cette cité centrale du monde yoruba. La position stratigraphique des squelettes, la disposition des corps, les marques observées sur certains os sont autant d’éléments qu’il nous faut prendre en compte pour nourrir notre réflexion sur la peste et plus largement sur les pratiques mortuaires en Afrique tropicale avant l’ouverture du commerce atlantique, et leurs conséquences sur les dépôts archéologiques.</p>
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