<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:hal="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/" xmlns:gmlce="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/ce" version="1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 http://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/documents/aofr-sword.xsd">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>HAL TEI export of hal-03779059</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
        <availability status="restricted">
          <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0 - Universal</licence>
        </availability>
        <date when="2026-05-13T12:50:57+02:00"/>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p part="N">HAL API Platform</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblFull>
          <titleStmt>
            <title xml:lang="en">Draw me a brain: The use of drawing as a tool to examine children's developing knowledge about the “black box”</title>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Claire</forename>
                <surname>Brechet</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">24093bf9fc065f22c4e09e2c99ffe7fd</email>
              <email type="domain">univ-montp3.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">claire-brechet</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">743588</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">36012-743588</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5162-2182</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1060826"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Nathalie</forename>
                <surname>Blanc</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">cdd17788b58a2a55b6f6cae68aff1077</email>
              <email type="domain">univ-montp3.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">nathalie-blanc2</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">752358</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">7652-752358</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1327-0280</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1060826"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Arnaud</forename>
                <surname>Mortier</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">e936bc6cd184ce2caba422cac8e1c4bd</email>
              <email type="domain">laposte.net</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">arnaud-mortier</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1194314</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">631802-1194314</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9409-5367</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-105"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1089299"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Sandrine</forename>
                <surname>Rossi</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">6a21560708e133475d2a8932f5ac9563</email>
              <email type="domain">unicaen.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">sandrine-rossi</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">173932</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">44243-173932</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/12005504X</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9285-2152</idno>
              <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">https://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=NKbSo4MAAAAJ&amp;hl=fr</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1089299"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1055666"/>
            </author>
            <editor role="depositor">
              <persName>
                <forename>Sandrine</forename>
                <surname>Rossi</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">6a21560708e133475d2a8932f5ac9563</email>
              <email type="domain">unicaen.fr</email>
            </editor>
          </titleStmt>
          <editionStmt>
            <edition n="v1" type="current">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2022-09-16 13:58:51</date>
              <date type="whenModified">2026-03-20 08:27:57</date>
              <date type="whenReleased">2022-09-23 10:10:20</date>
              <date type="whenProduced">2022-09-13</date>
              <date type="whenEndEmbargoed">2022-09-16</date>
              <ref type="file" target="https://normandie-univ.hal.science/hal-03779059v1/document">
                <date notBefore="2022-09-16"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="file" subtype="greenPublisher" n="1" target="https://normandie-univ.hal.science/hal-03779059v1/file/Brechet_FrontPsy_2022_braindraw.pdf" id="file-3779059-3311230">
                <date notBefore="2022-09-16"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="externalLink" target="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.951784/pdf"/>
            </edition>
            <respStmt>
              <resp>contributor</resp>
              <name key="70069">
                <persName>
                  <forename>Sandrine</forename>
                  <surname>Rossi</surname>
                </persName>
                <email type="md5">6a21560708e133475d2a8932f5ac9563</email>
                <email type="domain">unicaen.fr</email>
              </name>
            </respStmt>
          </editionStmt>
          <publicationStmt>
            <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
            <idno type="halId">hal-03779059</idno>
            <idno type="halUri">https://normandie-univ.hal.science/hal-03779059</idno>
            <idno type="halBibtex">brechet:hal-03779059</idno>
            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;Frontiers in Psychology&lt;/i&gt;, 2022, 13 (Art. 951784), 15 p. &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.951784"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.3389/fpsyg.2022.951784&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
            <idno type="halRef">Frontiers in Psychology, 2022, 13 (Art. 951784), 15 p. &amp;#x27E8;10.3389/fpsyg.2022.951784&amp;#x27E9;</idno>
            <availability status="restricted">
              <licence target="https://about.hal.science/hal-authorisation-v1/">HAL Authorization<ref corresp="#file-3779059-3311230"/></licence>
            </availability>
          </publicationStmt>
          <seriesStmt>
            <idno type="stamp" n="SHS">Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="TICE">Bibliothèque TICE</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CNRS">CNRS - Centre national de la recherche scientifique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-MONTP3">Université de Montpellier Paul-Valéry</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INSMI">CNRS-INSMI - INstitut des Sciences Mathématiques et de leurs Interactions</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="COMUE-NORMANDIE">Normandie Université</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNICAEN">Université de Caen Normandie</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="LMNO" corresp="CNRS">Laboratoire de Mathématiques Nicolas Oresme</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="LPCN">Laboratoire de psychologie Caen Normandie</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="EPSYLON" corresp="UNIV-MONTP3">Dynamique des capacités humaines et des conduites de santé</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UPVM-TI" corresp="UNIV-MONTP3">Publications UPVM texte intégral</idno>
          </seriesStmt>
          <notesStmt>
            <note type="audience" n="2">International</note>
            <note type="popular" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="peer" n="1">Yes</note>
          </notesStmt>
          <sourceDesc>
            <biblStruct>
              <analytic>
                <title xml:lang="en">Draw me a brain: The use of drawing as a tool to examine children's developing knowledge about the “black box”</title>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Claire</forename>
                    <surname>Brechet</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">24093bf9fc065f22c4e09e2c99ffe7fd</email>
                  <email type="domain">univ-montp3.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">claire-brechet</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">743588</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">36012-743588</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5162-2182</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1060826"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Nathalie</forename>
                    <surname>Blanc</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">cdd17788b58a2a55b6f6cae68aff1077</email>
                  <email type="domain">univ-montp3.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">nathalie-blanc2</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">752358</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">7652-752358</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1327-0280</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1060826"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Arnaud</forename>
                    <surname>Mortier</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">e936bc6cd184ce2caba422cac8e1c4bd</email>
                  <email type="domain">laposte.net</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">arnaud-mortier</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1194314</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">631802-1194314</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9409-5367</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-105"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1089299"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Sandrine</forename>
                    <surname>Rossi</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">6a21560708e133475d2a8932f5ac9563</email>
                  <email type="domain">unicaen.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">sandrine-rossi</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">173932</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">44243-173932</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/12005504X</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9285-2152</idno>
                  <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">https://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=NKbSo4MAAAAJ&amp;hl=fr</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1089299"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1055666"/>
                </author>
              </analytic>
              <monogr>
                <idno type="halJournalId" status="VALID">64230</idno>
                <idno type="eissn">1664-1078</idno>
                <title level="j">Frontiers in Psychology</title>
                <imprint>
                  <publisher>Frontiers Media</publisher>
                  <biblScope unit="volume">13</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="issue">Art. 951784</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="pp">15 p.</biblScope>
                  <date type="datePub">2022-09-13</date>
                </imprint>
              </monogr>
              <idno type="doi">10.3389/fpsyg.2022.951784</idno>
            </biblStruct>
          </sourceDesc>
          <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
              <language ident="en">English</language>
            </langUsage>
            <textClass>
              <keywords scheme="author">
                <term xml:lang="en">Neuroeducation</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Representation</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Development</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Children</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Drawing</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Brain</term>
              </keywords>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="scco.psyc">Cognitive science/Psychology</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="scco.neur">Cognitive science/Neuroscience</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="sdv.neu.pc">Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="sdv.neu.sc">Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="shs">Humanities and Social Sciences</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="shs.edu">Humanities and Social Sciences/Education</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="shs.psy">Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
            </textClass>
            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>Recent studies in neuroeducation highlight the benefits of teaching children about how the brain works. However, very little is known about children's naive conceptions about the brain. The current study examined these representations, by asking 6–10 year-old children ( N = 257) and adults ( N = 38) to draw a brain and the inside of a belly as a control drawing. The drawings were scored using a content analysis and a list of graphic indicators was derived. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;First, all the graphic indicators used in the brain drawings were different from those used in the belly drawings, suggesting that children are able to distinguish these two organs. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Second, with age, children depict (i) an increasing number of indicators, (ii) more complex indicators, (iii) indicators that are more anatomically correct, to depict the brain. &lt;br /&gt;There is an important evolution between 6 and 8 years-old but also between 10 years-old and adults. &lt;br /&gt;These results are discussed in relation to children's metacognitive knowledge and to their implications for neuroeducation.</p>
            </abstract>
          </profileDesc>
        </biblFull>
      </listBibl>
    </body>
    <back>
      <listOrg type="structures">
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-1060826" status="OLD">
          <idno type="IdRef">166734489</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">201119401V</idno>
          <orgName>Dynamique des capacités humaines et des conduites de santé</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">EPSYLON</orgName>
          <date type="start">2021-01-01</date>
          <date type="end">2024-12-31</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Université Paul-Valéry - Site de Saint-Charles - Route de Mende - 34 199 Montpellier Cedex 5</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://epsylon.www.univ-montp3.fr/fr</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation name="EA4556" active="#struct-42812" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-105" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">185216021</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">200212207P</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/03jm2hc44</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q67154985</idno>
          <orgName>Laboratoire de Mathématiques Nicolas Oresme</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">LMNO</orgName>
          <date type="start">2002-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Boulevard du Maréchal Juin 14032 CAEN CEDEX 5</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.lmno.cnrs.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-7127" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-455934" type="indirect"/>
            <relation name="UMR6139" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-1089299" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">199263655</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">201722475K</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/00kk8cj26</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q52607172</idno>
          <orgName>Laboratoire de psychologie de Caen Normandie</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">LPCN</orgName>
          <date type="start">2022-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Esplanade de la paix, CS 14032, 14032 Caen cedex 5</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.unicaen.fr/recherche/mrsh/lpcn</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation name="UR 7452" active="#struct-7127" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-455934" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regrouplaboratory" xml:id="struct-1055666" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Institut national supérieur du professorat et de l'éducation - Normandie Caen</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">INSPÉ Normandie Caen</orgName>
          <date type="start">2019-09-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>186 rue de la Délivrande - CS 25335 - 14053 Caen cedex 04</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://inspe.unicaen.fr</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-7127" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-455934" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-42812" status="OLD">
          <idno type="IdRef">026404702</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">000000012196152X</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/00qhdy563</idno>
          <orgName>Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UPVM</orgName>
          <date type="start">1970-11-18</date>
          <date type="end">2024-12-31</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3Route de Mende 34199 Montpellier Cedex 5</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.univ-montp3.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-7127" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">026403064</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000121864076</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/051kpcy16</idno>
          <orgName>Université de Caen Normandie</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UNICAEN</orgName>
          <date type="start">1432-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Esplanade de la Paix - CS 14032 - 14032 CAEN Cedex 5</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.unicaen.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-455934" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-455934" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">190906332</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000417859671 </idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/01k40cz91</idno>
          <orgName>Normandie Université</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">NU</orgName>
          <date type="start">2015-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Esplanade de la Paix - CS 14032 - 14032 Caen Cedex 5</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.normandie-univ.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-441569" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000122597504</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02feahw73</idno>
          <orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName>
          <date type="start">1939-10-19</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.cnrs.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>