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            <title xml:lang="en">Musical practice and cerebral plasticity: Can musical expertise prevent from cognitive aging?</title>
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                <title xml:lang="en">Musical practice and cerebral plasticity: Can musical expertise prevent from cognitive aging?</title>
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                <term xml:lang="en">cognitive reserve</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">musical practice</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">aging</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">cerebral plasticity</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">pratique musicale</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">réserve cognitive</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">vieillissement</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">plasticité cérébrale</term>
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              <p>The intelligence of an organism expresses itself, in particular, by its ability to understand the environment and cope with its requests. This function is subserved by the high plastic properties of the brain where the anatomy of areas responsible for our regular behaviour is shaped to become more efficient. During development and aging, the quality of our mental processes also depends on the interaction between physiological maturation and our own experience. In this review, studies about musical expertise related to anatomical and functional brain changes and their impact on cognitive processes are reported. We discuss the possibility that regular musical practice could be an appropriate activity to reduce age-related cortical atrophy and cognitive decline.</p>
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              <p>L’intelligence d’un organisme s’exprime notamment par sa faculté à comprendre son environnement et à s’adapter à ses demandes. Afin de remplir ces fonctions, notre cerveau possède de grandes possibilités en termes de plasticité, qui permettent aux aires responsables de nos comportements réguliers de modifier leur anatomie pour être plus efficaces. Au cours du développement et du vieillissement, la qualité des opérations mentales dépend ainsi de l’interaction entre la maturation physiologique de cet organe et les expériences de l’individu. Dans cette revue, nous recensons les travaux s’intéressant aux modulations cérébrales anatomiques et fonctionnelles liées à l’acquisition de l’expertise musicale, et leurs impacts sur les processus sensorimoteurs et la cognition. Nous étudions ensuite en quoi certains de ces remaniements pourraient faire de la pratique musicale une activité particulièrement appropriée pour limiter l’atrophie corticale et le déclin cognitif lié à l’âge.</p>
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