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            <title xml:lang="en">Educating delinquent youth: In the footsteps of Mary Carpenter</title>
            <title xml:lang="fr">Éduquer la jeunesse délinquante : dans les pas de Mary Carpenter</title>
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                <title xml:lang="en">Educating delinquent youth: In the footsteps of Mary Carpenter</title>
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              <p>In the early nineteenth century, the Industrial Revolution and the correlated rural exodus engendered new types of precarious conditions and petty criminality in towns. In the European context, Great Britain became the early stage of these changes, and of the profusion of reflection and philanthropic initiatives such as those of Mary Carpenter, who devoted her life to convicted and reformatory school children. We aim to shed light on the evolution of ideas about juvenile delinquency and education at the turn of the twentieth century, based on the acts of the International Penitentiary Congress that began in 1872, studied through the prism of Mary Carpenter’s key ideas.</p>
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              <p>Au début du XIXe siècle, la révolution industrielle et l’exode rural qu’elle engendre font émerger dans leur sillage de nouvelles formes de précarité et de petite délinquance dans les villes. En Europe, la Grande-Bretagne devient précocement le théâtre de ces mutations qu’accompagne l’émergence de réflexions et d’initiatives philanthropes comme celles de Mary Carpenter qui consacra sa vie aux enfants incarcérés et placés dans des institutions de réforme. Nous proposons ici un éclairage sur l’évolution des idées concernant la prise en charge de la jeunesse en difficulté au tournant du XXe siècle à partir des actes des congrès pénitentiaires internationaux tenus à partir de 1872, étudiés au prisme des idées forces de Mary Carpenter.</p>
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