<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:hal="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/" xmlns:gmlce="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/ce" version="1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 http://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/documents/aofr-sword.xsd">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>HAL TEI export of hal-02321597</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
        <availability status="restricted">
          <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0 - Universal</licence>
        </availability>
        <date when="2026-05-03T21:34:09+02:00"/>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p part="N">HAL API Platform</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblFull>
          <titleStmt>
            <title xml:lang="en">Agrarian justice opposed to agrarian law and to agrarian monopoly being a plan for meliorating the condition of man…</title>
            <title xml:lang="fr">La justice agraire opposée a la loi et monopole agraire, ou plan d’amélioration du sort des hommes</title>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Thomas</forename>
                <surname>Paine</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">1783625-0</idno>
            </author>
            <author role="trl">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Yannick</forename>
                <surname>Bosc</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">20303466ffd4ba2e36194a1a659ad55d</email>
              <email type="domain">gmail.com</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">yannickbosc</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">179630</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">44064-179630</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-5038</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/03012560X</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-154715"/>
            </author>
            <editor role="depositor">
              <persName>
                <forename>Denis</forename>
                <surname>Bekaert</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">096ce23babd68bf6d2480e20d9a0305e</email>
              <email type="domain">gmail.com</email>
            </editor>
          </titleStmt>
          <editionStmt>
            <edition n="v1" type="current">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2024-05-23 09:04:13</date>
              <date type="whenModified">2024-05-28 10:34:37</date>
              <date type="whenReleased">2024-05-28 10:34:37</date>
              <date type="whenProduced">2017-02</date>
              <date type="whenEndEmbargoed">2024-05-23</date>
              <ref type="file" target="https://normandie-univ.hal.science/hal-02321597v1/document">
                <date notBefore="2024-05-23"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="file" subtype="greenPublisher" n="1" target="https://normandie-univ.hal.science/hal-02321597v1/file/traces-7053.pdf" id="file-4584249-3976631">
                <date notBefore="2024-05-23"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="externalLink" target="https://doi.org/10.4000/traces.7053"/>
            </edition>
            <respStmt>
              <resp>contributor</resp>
              <name key="548909">
                <persName>
                  <forename>Denis</forename>
                  <surname>Bekaert</surname>
                </persName>
                <email type="md5">096ce23babd68bf6d2480e20d9a0305e</email>
                <email type="domain">gmail.com</email>
              </name>
            </respStmt>
          </editionStmt>
          <publicationStmt>
            <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
            <idno type="halId">hal-02321597</idno>
            <idno type="halUri">https://normandie-univ.hal.science/hal-02321597</idno>
            <idno type="halBibtex">paine:hal-02321597</idno>
            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;Tracés : Revue de Sciences Humaines&lt;/i&gt;, 2017, 33, pp.191-210. &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.4000/traces.7053"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.4000/traces.7053&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
            <idno type="halRef">Tracés : Revue de Sciences Humaines, 2017, 33, pp.191-210. &amp;#x27E8;10.4000/traces.7053&amp;#x27E9;</idno>
            <availability status="restricted">
              <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/">CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 - Attribution - Non-commercial use - No Derivative Works<ref corresp="#file-4584249-3976631"/></licence>
            </availability>
          </publicationStmt>
          <seriesStmt>
            <idno type="stamp" n="SHS">Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="AO-HISTOIRE">Archives ouvertes de l'Histoire</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="HISTOIRE">HISTOIRE</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="COMUE-NORMANDIE">Normandie Université</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIROUEN">Université de Rouen Normandie</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="GRHIS">Groupe de Recherche d'Histoire de l'Université de Rouen Normandie (UR 3831)</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IRIHS">FED 4137 - IRIHS (Institut de recherche interdisciplinaire homme société) - Université de Rouen Normandie</idno>
          </seriesStmt>
          <notesStmt>
            <note type="audience" n="2">International</note>
            <note type="popular" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="peer" n="1">Yes</note>
          </notesStmt>
          <sourceDesc>
            <biblStruct>
              <analytic>
                <title xml:lang="en">Agrarian justice opposed to agrarian law and to agrarian monopoly being a plan for meliorating the condition of man…</title>
                <title xml:lang="fr">La justice agraire opposée a la loi et monopole agraire, ou plan d’amélioration du sort des hommes</title>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Thomas</forename>
                    <surname>Paine</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">1783625-0</idno>
                </author>
                <author role="trl">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Yannick</forename>
                    <surname>Bosc</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">20303466ffd4ba2e36194a1a659ad55d</email>
                  <email type="domain">gmail.com</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">yannickbosc</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">179630</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">44064-179630</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-5038</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/03012560X</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-154715"/>
                </author>
              </analytic>
              <monogr>
                <idno type="halJournalId" status="VALID">26065</idno>
                <idno type="issn">1763-0061</idno>
                <idno type="eissn">1963-1812</idno>
                <title level="j">Tracés : Revue de Sciences Humaines</title>
                <imprint>
                  <publisher>ENS Éditions</publisher>
                  <biblScope unit="issue">33</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="pp">191-210</biblScope>
                  <date type="datePub">2017-02</date>
                </imprint>
              </monogr>
              <idno type="doi">10.4000/traces.7053</idno>
            </biblStruct>
          </sourceDesc>
          <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
              <language ident="fr">French</language>
            </langUsage>
            <textClass>
              <keywords scheme="author">
                <term xml:lang="en">Land</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Civilisation</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Universal income</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Property</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Law</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Terre</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Droit</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Revenu universel</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Civilisation</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Propriété</term>
              </keywords>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="shs">Humanities and Social Sciences</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="shs.hist">Humanities and Social Sciences/History</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
            </textClass>
            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>Agrarian Justice is a short book first published in 1797 by Thomas Paine. It exposes both a philosophical reflexion on land property and its political consequences, and a practical plan designed to counterbalance the inequalities caused by this system. In the context of the French Revolution, the author shows that private property of land tends to increase the gap between those who benefit from rent, and those who are excluded from it. Paine’s inclusive and egalitarian conception of politics, and his philosophical principles grounded on natural law, lead him to consider as a necessity to fix those inequalities, so the process of civilisation is not hindered. He proposes a universal income law, made possible by a tax on inheritance, to compensate for economic inequalities inherent to modern societies based on private property.</p>
            </abstract>
            <abstract xml:lang="fr">
              <p>Dans ce bref opuscule paru en 1797, Thomas Paine expose à la fois une réflexion philosophique sur la propriété de la terre et ses conséquences, et un plan tout à fait concret pour compenser les inégalités qu’elle provoque dans les sociétés modernes. Dans le contexte de la Révolution française, l’auteur montre que le système de propriété tend à creuser l’écart entre les bénéficiaires de la rente foncière et la masse de la population exclue de ces droits et de ces richesses. L’exigence égalitaire qui anime ce républicain et les principes philosophiques issus de la théorie du droit naturel qu’il se donne imposent donc de corriger ces inégalités pour que la visée de civilisation ne soit pas entravée. Un système d’allocation monétaire, prélevée sur l’héritage des biens fonciers, est ainsi proposé pour contrecarrer les inégalités propres aux sociétés agraires modernes fondées sur la propriété exclusive.</p>
            </abstract>
          </profileDesc>
        </biblFull>
      </listBibl>
    </body>
    <back>
      <listOrg type="structures">
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-154715" status="OLD">
          <idno type="IdRef">028658299</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">200415091R</idno>
          <orgName>Groupe de Recherche d'Histoire</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">GRHis</orgName>
          <date type="start">2004-01-01</date>
          <date type="end">2021-12-31</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Rue Lavoisier 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://grhis.univ-rouen.fr</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation name="EA3831" active="#struct-300318" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-455934" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-466141" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="FED 4137" active="#struct-300318" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300318" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">026403919</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000121083034</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/03nhjew95</idno>
          <orgName>Université de Rouen Normandie</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UNIROUEN</orgName>
          <date type="start">1966-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>1, rue Thomas Becket 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.univ-rouen.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-455934" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-455934" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">190906332</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000417859671 </idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/01k40cz91</idno>
          <orgName>Normandie Université</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">NU</orgName>
          <date type="start">2015-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Esplanade de la Paix - CS 14032 - 14032 Caen Cedex 5</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.normandie-univ.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regrouplaboratory" xml:id="struct-466141" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">144790319</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">201220775J</idno>
          <orgName>Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Homme et Société</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">IRIHS</orgName>
          <date type="start">2010-03-30</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>17 rue Lavoisier76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://irihs.univ-rouen.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation name="FED 4137" active="#struct-300318" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-455934" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>