Predictors of Food and Alcohol Disturbance onset or remission: A one-year longitudinal follow-up study
Résumé
Objectives: This paper investigates the evolution of Food and Alcohol Disturbance (FAD) among college students in a one-year longitudinal follow-up study and identifies predictors associated with the onset or remission of FAD.
Method: A longitudinal online survey was conducted with 466 university students. The survey included an assessment of FAD using the CEBRACS, alcohol use and alcohol-related problems, risk of eating disorders and physical activity, administered twice, one year apart. We examined the evolution of frequency and engagement in FAD over one year. We also identified predictors associated with onset and remission of FAD and we determined whether these identified predictors evolve concomitantly with FAD behaviors.
Results: Over 1 year, the frequency of FAD did not change in university students. Nine percent were FAD-onset and 6% FAD-remission at the one-year mark. FAD-positive students at time 1 no longer engaged in FAD at time 2, especially for alcohol and dietary restraint motives. FAD-onset was predicted by dietary restraint, risk of eating disorders, and heavy alcohol use. FAD-remission was predicted by laxative use, dysfunctional exercise, and alcohol-related problems. Over 1 year, FAD-onset students showed a decrease in the frequency of dietary restraint, while FAD-remission students experienced a decrease in alcohol-related problems.
Discussion: FAD-onset among university students is surprisingly associated with decreased food deprivation and increased risk of alcohol-related problems. FAD-remission is associated with a decreased risk of alcohol-related problems, although the risk of eating disorders persists. These findings have important implications for the management of treatment and prevention strategies.
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